Which battery is better LiFePO4 or Li-NCM, which battery is better lithium ion or lithium iron phosphate
Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (Li-NCM) are members of the lithium-ion battery family. A lithium-ion battery consists of four main parts: cathode, anode, electrolyte and separator. The type of battery is usually named after its cathode material, such as an NCM battery or an LFP battery. Both have become popular nowadays for solar power, telecommunications, UPS, street lighting systems, medical and other applications. Both have their pros and cons.
Advantages of LiFePO4 battery:
Safety
The NCM battery is very dangerous, while the LifePO4 battery has no risk of fire or explosion.
High temperature resistance:
LiFePO4 batteries can withstand much wider temperature fluctuations than batteries of other chemicals. Can operate in a wide temperature range (≤60°C). On the other hand, the high temperature performance of Li-NCM battery is common (≤45°C).
Long cycle life: The life cycle of Li-NCM is about 1000, while for LifePO4 it is 3000+ at 100% DOD.
Guarantee
The longer the life, the better the LifePO4 battery warranty compared to the Li-NCM battery. So in the long run, a LifePO4 battery might be ideal.
Tolerance of the state of full charge
Lithium phosphate is more resistant to full charge conditions and is less stressed than other lithium ion systems if they are under high voltage for a long time.
Energy required for production
Manufacturers of LiFePO4 batteries insist that this battery requires less energy to produce compared to a Li-NCM battery, resulting in a lower environmental impact.
Benefits of Li-NCM
High Energy Density: Li-NCM batteries are currently favored in some specific applications such as electric vehicles as they take up less space due to their higher energy density. The Li-NCM battery has a higher power rating and energy density compared to the LifePO4 battery due to the higher lithium diffusion rate and electron mobility.
Low price
Li-NCM cell voltage is 3.7V while LifePO4 is 3.2V, so the battery pack needs less Li-NCM cells to work, so the price of Li-NCM battery pack is slightly cheaper than LifePO4.
Conclusion
Li-NCM is the best choice for compact devices such as drones, thermal cameras, night vision devices, electronics, smartphones, tablets, laptops, power banks, UPS for routers, etc. due to high energy density (peak 2 times higher than LiFePO4), fast charging (2 times faster than LiFePO4) and the ability to change the battery yourself.
LiFePO4 batteries requiring longer life, thermal stability, high performance are widely used in electric vehicles, portable charging stations, solar panels, recreational vehicles such as caravans, motorhomes, boats and similar devices.
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